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AIDS Tip Image ACQUIRED IMMUNO DEFICIENCY SYNDROME (AIDS) CAUSE: HIV I OR HIV II virus ROUTE: 1. Sexual Homosexual Heterosexual (often Prostitutes) Multiple sexual partners 2. Blood and body fluids Contaminated blood and blood products a) Blood transfusion b) Blood products eg. Factor VIII 3. Contaminated needles and syringes a) Inadequately sterilized medical equipment. b) Intravenous drug abuser (Drug addicts) 4. Mother to child In utero At birth Breast milk 5.Organ and tissue donations Semen Kidney, skin, cornea Bone marrow SYMPTOMS: Low grade fever of unknown origin. Unexplained diarrhoea TB (atypical Mycobacterium) with Evening rise of fever Weight loss Appetite loss Cough Chest pain Blood stained sputum Respiratory infections like Pneumonia ( P. Carinii) Cancers ( increased chances ) It is important to know that a patient may be infected with HIV virus but may not check the positive in the routine tests. This is called the window period where the level of antibodies is not detectable hence the person test negative for HIV. DO'S AND DON'TS: Use condom during intercourse Patient with antibodies to HIV should not be allowed to donate blood, semen or tissue i.e. Individual who knows that he has AIDS should not donate blood. Avoid having more than one sexual partner Avoid IV drug abuse. Confirm with the physician whether he is using disposable syringes, Sterile needles and infusion sets. Avoid intercourse with prostitutes Mother having AIDS should not breast feed her child If even required to receive blood transfusion confirm that the blood has been tested for HIV CONSULT YOUR DOCTOR: Consult your doctor if there is presence of one or more of: Fever more than 100*F for 1 month in absence of other cause Involuntary weight loss more than 10% of body weight or more than 15 lbs in a short period. Intermittent or continuous diarrhoea persisting for more than 1 month in absence of any other cause Swellings in any part of the body Bleeding associated with weight loss and appetite loss Leukoplakia (white patches in mouth or on tongue) or skin rashes which are recurrent and not resolving Respirating disorders with fever, malaise, blood tinged sputum.